DINAMIKA PENGUMPULAN AL-QUR’AN DAN PENETAPAN MUSHAF DALAM TRADISI ISLAM AWAL

Abstract

This study aims to examine the process of the collection and writing of the Qur’an and its implications for the authenticity and authority of the mushaf within the Islamic scholarly tradition. The Qur’an, as the sacred scripture of Islam, is understood not only as divine revelation but also through a historical process involving memorization, documentation, and codification during the time of the Prophet Muhammad and the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach by analyzing primary and secondary sources in the field of ‘Ulum al-Qur’an. The findings indicate that the collection of the Qur’an during the Prophet’s lifetime was conducted through memorization and partial writing, later systematically codified during the caliphate of Abu Bakr upon the initiative of Umar ibn al-Khattab, and standardized during the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan to prevent differences in recitation. Furthermore, the arrangement of verses is widely accepted as tauqifi (divinely ordained), while the arrangement of surahs remains debated among scholars between tauqifi and ijtihadi. Therefore, the process of the Qur’an’s collection and writing reflects a synergy between historical and theological dimensions that reinforces the authenticity of the mushaf up to the present day.